latin america: 1750-1900
Political:
- Colonies unhappy with colonial rule sought to achieve independence and overthrow the rule of their mother countries around 1810-1825.
- After the countries in Latin America won their independence they were not organized. Some countries tried to come together and some tried to become monarchies (for example Mexico) but it didn't work out so they separated.
- Saint Domingue (Haiti) a slave colony had a Revolution of their own to win independence from France from 1791-1804.
- Simon Bolivar was a great leader in the Spanish American revolution and got the people to believe in him as he had great military knowledge. Simon Bolivar tried to bring Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador to create Gran Colombia.
Economy:
- In Haiti the economy declined after slaves took over and there was no one to work the land. Farming became a substantial resource only enough to feed themselves, yet there was small export of coffee and sugar.
- In Latin America there was a drive to industrialize due to industrialization in North America and Western Europe. Inventions like the steamship and the telegraph made it easier to do so as the steamship made it easier to travel between Europe and Latin America and the telegraph made it easier to communicate.
Religion:
- Religion in Latin America was mainly Catholicism. It coming from Christianity and including God, Jesus Christ, and many saints.
- The Catholic church had a major role in the politics, yet it was opposed by liberals.
Society:
- In Haiti after the slaves were freed everyone was considered equal even though lighter skin people were more commonly chosen to rule. Racism had a reverse effects as blacks were killing whites.
- In many other parts even though blacks were free they were still treated as less and there was much racism against darker skin and people of mixed races.
- Women during this time after these countries became independent still had little rights. Women younger than 25 and unmarried were still considered the property of the father. Women of lower classes had a little more rights as some were in charge of markets and other work shops.
Innovations:
- Enlightenment influenced Latin America to revolt against their governments.
- Porfirio Diaz former dictator of Mexico in the 1800's was revolted against by Zapata and Villa who led a rebellion and helped redistribute the land and give more rights to people of the lower classes.
- Simon Bolivar helped revolt against Spain and inspired others to do so as well.
- Inventions like the railroad were built across Latin America port cities to facilitate communication and commerce.
- Age of Romanticism at around 1830 was an age of new views that shaped the culture with historical images and other forms of art.
Arts:
- Machado de Assis and Jose Hernandez both great writers during this time period had a great impact on the Latin American culture.
- Architecture in Latin America became more modernized and Metropolitan areas started to form.
- All types of art including painting, writing, etc., developed during the 1870's. Before 1870 art was more blunt and represented society and politics, yet after 1870 art was more modern expressing other ideas like science.
Near Geography:
- The Amazon river runs through South America stretching about 4,000 miles carrying more water than any other river in the world has impacted a lot of cultures in Latin America specifically ones in South America.
- Sierra Madre Occidental also impacts cultures in Mexico, it is a mountain range that stretches over Mexico until it reaches the Sierra Madre Oriental.
- Much of the Population Migrated to these areas from other parts of the world mainly through the Atlantic Ocean.
Citations:http://www.archives.upenn.edu/img/20030106001x180.jpg
http://ancientcivilizationsapwh.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/4/4/12441395/242555357.jpg
http://www.imperialteutonicorder.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/jesus4.jpg
http://cp91279.biography.com/Pancho-Villa_Columbus-Raid_HD_768x432-16x9.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/MarcFerrez_MachadodeAssis.jpg
http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/latin-america-1750-1900--2
http://ancientcivilizationsapwh.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/4/4/12441395/242555357.jpg
http://www.imperialteutonicorder.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/jesus4.jpg
http://cp91279.biography.com/Pancho-Villa_Columbus-Raid_HD_768x432-16x9.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/MarcFerrez_MachadodeAssis.jpg
http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/latin-america-1750-1900--2